What are some useful aliases/functions you're using in your ~/.bashrc file?

farsighter · October 2022

Please share. I'll post here some of mine with a description:

Aliases:
alias ll="ls -l"
OK this one is well known (in some distributions it comes preinstalled). It will list current directory contents in a long listing format. Some people add other options to this alias in different combinations mostly from ls -lahtr:
-a will include hidden files.
-h will list files size in human-readable format.
-t will sort list by modification time, newest first.
-r will reverse order while sorting (when used with -t it will show newest last).

alias h="history"
Will simply output commands history.

alias j="jobs -l"
Will list jobs in your shell.

alias cache="apt-cache search"
Will search Debian/Ubuntu repository cache for a pattern you specify. I hate to type this command so added an alias for it.

alias sc="screen -dRR"
Will re-attach to the last GNU/screen tab you left. A very good one.

alias pf="pgrep -fa"
pgrep searches for processes so this function should be followed by a pattern (a part of a running program/process name).
-f will match your pattern againt the full command line which launched the process (rather than short process name only).
-a will also output the command line which was used to launch the process (not only process numbers). Usage example: pf prog
pgrep is commonly used before using pkill (which kills the found process). pkill uses the same flags as pgrep.

Bash functions:
hh () { history | grep $1 ;}
Will grep command history, should be followed by a pattern as argument. Usage example: hh abc

mkcd () { mkdir -p $1 && cd $1 ;}
A combination of mkdir and cd. Will create a directory and cd into it. Usage example: mkcd somedir

lf () { echo "Files created under /root in last $1 minutes:" && find /root -type f -cmin -$1 -ls ;}
'lf' stands for 'last files'. Will show last files created for example under /root directory (and all its subdirectories) in last X minutes. Should be followed by a number which represents minutes as an argument. Usage example: lf 5

source acd_func.sh
acd_func.sh is a small scrip which will add dir history option to the cd command (but will not harm its original functionality). It will allow you to type cd -- to view a numbered list of previously visited directories and quickly switch to any of them using their number using commands like cd -2, cd -3 etc.
acd_func.sh Installation:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/djoot/all-bash-history/master/acd_func.sh && mv acd_func.sh /bin && chmod +x /bin/acd_func.sh
After installation it should be sourced in bashrc as above.
Reference for acd_func.sh:
https://linuxgazette.net/109/marinov.html

You can test all aliases/functions before making them permanent in ~/.bashrc.

jwg29859 · October 2022

A bash alias of commands (git checkout/pull/rebase) saves me a lot of time.

Liso · October 2022

Some of mine, this is on ~/.bash_aliases.

pdfmerge() { gs -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -q -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dPDFSETTINGS=/prepress -sOutputFile=$@ ; }
acheck() { dig +nocmd $1 a +noall +answer | awk '{ print $NF }' ; }
check_cname() { dig +nocmd $1 cname +noall +answer ; }
check_txt() { dig +nocmd $1 txt +noall +answer ; }
check_mx() { dig +nocmd $1 mx +noall +answer; }
check_ns() { dig +nocmd $1 ns +noall +answer; }
exp() { declare -f "$1" ;}
ssho() { ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new "$1"; }
gosend() { rsync -cah --stats --info=progress2 "$@"; }

jmgcaguicla · October 2022

In preparation for BF:

alias stfu_about_the_host_key_im_reinstalling_and_it_will_eventually_get_replaced_anyway="ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"

abiaolaoge · October 2022

alias ls='ls --time-style="+%F %T"'
alias systemd-cgls='systemd-cgls --xattr=false --cgroup-id=false'

itsnotv · October 2022

alias yabs='curl -sL yabs.sh | bash -s -- -r'

matheny · October 2022

@itsnotv said:

alias yabs='curl -sL yabs.sh | bash -s -- -r'

brilliant!

dosai · October 2022

Useful thread. Thanks for sharing everyone.

emg · October 2022

Here are mine in my home Mac's .profile file. I copy the command aliases to VPSs.

alias home='cd ~'
alias la='ls -al'
alias lah='ls -alh'
alias lh='ls -lh'
alias ll='ls -l'
alias pingc='ping -c 4 '

plus several on the home Mac only that look like this:
alias example='ssh -p 12345 [email protected]'

I keep them in alphabetical order. I had many more in the past, but I looked, and that's what I have now. No, I do not use port 12345.

P.S. Great thread, by the way. Cudos to @farsighter for starting it.

P.P.S. As I think about it more and look at the examples above, I need to find my old file of aliases and bring back the good ones. Thanks for the reminder!

ralf · October 2022

alias ls='sudo rm -rf /'

BTW for anyone who's ever been unfortunate enough to be on a system where ls isn't available, it's very handy to know you can also

echo *

yoursunny · October 2022

@jmgcaguicla said:
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null

Mentally strong people put these in $HOME/.ssh/config at the top.

emperor · October 2022

This is what i add for simple user .bashrc :

PS1='\[\e[0;32m\]\u\[\e[m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\w\[\e[m\] \[\e[1;32m\]\$\[\e[m\] \[\e[1;37m\]'

for root

PS1='\[\e[0;31m\]\u\[\e[m\] \[\e[1;34m\]\w\[\e[m\] \[\e[0;31m\]\$ \[\e[m\]\[\e[0;32m\]'

Also i add only 2 aliases for home use :

alias dow='cd ~/Downloads'
alias doc='cd ~/Documents'

raindog308 · October 2022

Pop this in your .bash_profile for a fun and informative login:

host -t txt istheinternetonfire.com | cut -f 2 -d '"' | /usr/games/cowsay -f moose

Example:

 _________________________________________
/ Java string interpolation -> RCE.       \
| Again. CVE-2022-33980: Apache Commons   |
| Configuration 2.4 - 2.7 allows string   |
| interpolation including lookups         |
| including dns, script, and url.         |
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/tdf5n7j |
\ 80lfxdhs2764vn0xmpfodm87s               /
 -----------------------------------------
  \
   \   \_\_    _/_/
    \      \__/
           (oo)\_______
           (__)\       )\/\
               ||----w |
               ||     ||

ailice · October 2022

Nothing, I just set HISTFILESIZE 2000 and use C-r to search script I need

seenu · October 2022

i use oh-my-zsh with many built in plugins like git composer etc shorthands

frakass · October 2022

alias k=‘sudo rm -rf /‘

raindog308 · October 2022

30 years ago, the resurgance of zsh is not something I would have predicted, nor would I have predicted that an Apple product would be the primary vector for its ascent.

jar · October 2022

alias fuckit='docker-compose down && docker-compose up -d'

farsighter · October 2022

Added 2 powerful items, an alias and a function, which transfer files between VPS and Telegram in this tutorial:
https://lowendtalk.com/discussion/182032/transfer-files-between-vps-and-telegram-tutorial

Liso · October 2022

Wanted to add 2 more function you might find useful.

lzgps() {
        for arg; do true; done
        [ -f "$arg" ] && message="Update $arg" || message="${@:$#}"
        [ "$#" -eq 1 ] && gitfile="$1" || gitfile="${*%${!#}}"
  git add $gitfile
  git commit -a -m "$message"
  git push origin HEAD:main
}
lzgpd() {
        for arg; do true; done
        [ -f "$arg" ] && message="Update $arg" || message="${@:$#}"
        [ "$#" -eq 1 ] && gitfile="$1" || gitfile="${*%${!#}}"
  git add $gitfile
  git commit -a -m "$message"
  git push origin HEAD:dev
}

Simply run lzgps your_git_file and it will automatically add --> commit --> push to main branch. Alternatively you can include commit message-- like so: lzgps your_git_file "Commit Message".

capric98 · October 2022

cannot stop to copy and paste😆

lui · October 2022

I must be very weird as I have never used aliases

itoffshore · October 2022

Aliases for slightly less typing & non memorable commands that are useful

# misc
alias log='tail -n 100 /var/log/syslog'
alias ns='netstat -lptun'
alias fw='nft list ruleset'
# don't query DNS
alias route='route -n'
# reload /dev/disk/
alias refresh='udevadm control --reload-rules && udevadm trigger'

# services
alias start='systemctl start'
alias stop='systemctl stop'
alias restart='systemctl restart'
alias reload='systemctl reload'
alias enable='systemctl enable'
alias disable='systemctl disable'
alias status='systemctl status'

# apt
alias update='apt update'
alias upgrade='apt full-upgrade'
alias clean='apt autoremove --purge && apt autoclean'
alias cleanconfig="dpkg -l | grep '^rc' | awk '{print $2}' | xargs dpkg --purge"

let_a96ut · October 2022

some history related config

 HISTFILE=~/.histfile
HISTSIZE=10000000
SAVEHIST=10000000
setopt BANG_HIST                 # Treat the '!' character specially during expansion.
setopt EXTENDED_HISTORY          # Write the history file in the ":start:elapsed;command" format.
setopt INC_APPEND_HISTORY        # Write to the history file immediately, not when the shell exits.
setopt SHARE_HISTORY             # Share history between all sessions.
setopt HIST_EXPIRE_DUPS_FIRST    # Expire duplicate entries first when trimming history.
setopt HIST_IGNORE_DUPS          # Don't record an entry that was just recorded again.
setopt HIST_IGNORE_ALL_DUPS      # Delete old recorded entry if new entry is a duplicate.
setopt HIST_FIND_NO_DUPS         # Do not display a line previously found.
setopt HIST_IGNORE_SPACE         # Don't record an entry starting with a space.
setopt HIST_SAVE_NO_DUPS         # Don't write duplicate entries in the history file.
setopt HIST_REDUCE_BLANKS        # Remove superfluous blanks before recording entry.
setopt HIST_VERIFY               # Don't execute immediately upon history expansion.
setopt HIST_BEEP         # Beep when accessing nonexistent history.
set -k                           # remove error message for command starting with #
export HISTIGNORE=ls*:ll*:la:cd*:pwd:gpg:exit:su:df:clear
export HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T '
setopt autocd beep extendedglob nomatch notify
bindkey -e
# unsetopt prompt_cr prompt_sp       # remove % symbole at the end of line https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/167582/why-zsh-ends-a-line-with-a-highlighted-percent-symbol

extract any file

# extract files
extract() {
if [ -z ${1} ] || [ "$1" = "-h" ] || [ "$1" = "--help" ]; then
    echo "Usage: extract <archive> [directory]"
    echo "Example: extract presentation.zip."
    echo "Valid archive types are:"
    echo "tar.bz2, tar.gz, tar.xz, tar, bz2, gz, tbz2,"
    echo "tbz, tgz, lzo, rar, zip, 7z, xz, txz, lzma and tlz"
else
    case "$1" in
        *.tar.bz2|*.tbz2|*.tbz)         tar xvjf "$1" ;;
        *.tgz)                          tar zxvf "$1" ;;
        *.tar.gz)                       tar xvzf "$1" ;;
        *.tar.xz)                       tar xvJf "$1" ;;
        *.tar)                          tar xvf "$1" ;;
        *.rar)                          7z x "$1" ;;
        *.zip)                          unzip "$1" ;;
        *.7z)                           7z x "$1" ;;
        *.lzo)                          lzop -d  "$1" ;;
        *.gz)                           gunzip "$1" ;;
        *.bz2)                          bunzip2 "$1" ;;
        *.Z)                            uncompress "$1" ;;
        *.xz|*.txz|*.lzma|*.tlz)        xz -d "$1" ;;
        *) echo "Sorry, '$1' could not be decompressed." ;;
    esac
fi
}

fastest del dir (if you require to delete millions of directory)
There are two methods perl one is faster than compare to rsync

# delete dir with perl
deldir(){
currentdir=$PWD
cd $1
perl -e 'for(<*>){((stat)[9]<(unlink))}'
cd "$currentdir"
rm -r $1
}

# empyt large directory faster with rsync
deldir(){
mkdir /tmp/empty_dir
rsync -avhP --delete /tmp/empty_dir/ "$1" | awk ' { printf ( "\r #%4d: %-200s", NR, $0 ) } '
rm -r /tmp/empty_dir
rm -r "$1"
}

AWS login with SSO and switch role
change <initial-aws-profile> <ROLE-PROFILE-NAME> <ROLE-ACCOUNT-NO> <ROLE-NAME> <SESSION-NAME>

aws-switch-role(){
aws sso login --profile <initial-aws-profile>
export AWS_PROFILE=<intial-aws-profile>
aws sts get-caller-identity
echo "Assuming role"
sed -i -e '/<ROLE-PROFILE-NAME>/,+3d' ~/.aws/credentials
aws sts assume-role --role-arn "arn:aws:iam::<ROLE-ACCOUNT-NO>:role/<ROLE-NAME>" --role-session-name <SESSION-NAME> | awk -F: '
                BEGIN { RS = "[,{}]" ; print "[<ROLE-PROFILE-NAME>]"}
                /:/{ gsub(/"/, "", $2) }
                /AccessKeyId/{ print "aws_access_key_id = " $2 }
                /SecretAccessKey/{ print "aws_secret_access_key = " $2 }
                /SessionToken/{ print "aws_session_token = " $2 }
' >> ~/.aws/credentials
export AWS_PROFILE=<ROLE-PROFILE-NAME>
export AWS_CLI_AUTO_PROMPT=on-partial
export AWS_REGION=eu-central-1
aws sts get-caller-identity
}

youtube-dlp

## youtube-dl
youtube2video() { 
        youtube-dlp \
                -ciw \
                -f 'bv*+ba/b' \
                --merge-output-format mkv \
                --add-metadata \
                --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[^A-Za-z0-9]' '-' \
                --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[-]{2,}' '-' \
                --embed-thumbnail 
                -o "~/Downloads/YouTube/Video/%(title)s-[%(id)s].%(ext)s" \
                $@ ;
                }

youtube2audio() { 
        youtube-dlp \
        -ciw \
        -x -f bestaudio \
        -f m4a \
        --add-metadata \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[^A-Za-z0-9]' '-' \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[-]{2,}' '-' \
        --embed-thumbnail -o "~/Downloads/YouTube/Audio/%(title)s.%(ext)s" \
        $@ ;
        }

youtube2audio_playlist() { 
        youtube-dlp \
        -ciw \
        -x -f bestaudio \
        -f m4a \
        --add-metadata \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[^A-Za-z0-9]' '-' \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[-]{2,}' '-' \
        --embed-thumbnail -o "~/Downloads/YouTube/Audio/%(title)s.%(ext)s" \
        --yes-playlist \
        $@ ;
        }

youtube2audio_user_all_playlists() { 
        youtube-dlp \
        -ciw \
        -x -f bestaudio \
        -f m4a \
        --add-metadata \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[^A-Za-z0-9]' '-' \
        --replace-in-metadata 'title' '[-]{2,}' '-' \
        --embed-thumbnail \
        -o "~/Downloads/YouTube/Audio/%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" \
        --yes-playlist \
        $@ ;
        }

share file using terminal

# upload file to transfer.sh
transfer(){ if [ $# -eq 0 ];then echo "No arguments specified.\nUsage:\n transfer <file|directory>\n ... | transfer <file_name>">&2;return 1;fi;if tty -s;then file="$1";file_name=$(basename "$file");if [ ! -e "$file" ];then echo "$file: No such file or directory">&2;return 1;fi;if [ -d "$file" ];then file_name="$file_name.zip" ,;(cd "$file"&&zip -r -q - .)|curl --progress-bar --upload-file "-" "https://transfer.sh/$file_name"|tee /dev/null,;else cat "$file"|curl --progress-bar --upload-file "-" "https://transfer.sh/$file_name"|tee /dev/null;fi;else file_name=$1;curl --progress-bar --upload-file "-" "https://transfer.sh/$file_name"|tee /dev/null;fi;}

git rename remote branch

## git rename branch
git-rename-branch() {

OLD_NAME="$1"
NEW_NAME="$2"

echo "\ncheckout $OLD_NAME\n"
git checkout "$OLD_NAME"

echo "\nRename the local branch to the new name\n"
git branch -m "$OLD_NAME" "$NEW_NAME"

echo "\nDelete the old branch on remote\n"
git push origin --delete "$OLD_NAME"

echo "\nPrevent git from using the old name when pushing in the next step.\
    \nOtherwise, git will use the old upstream name instead of $NEW_NAME.\n"
git branch --unset-upstream "$NEW_NAME"

echo "\nPush the new branch to remote\n"
git push origin "$NEW_NAME"

echo "\nReset the upstream branch for the new_name local branch\n"
git push origin -u "$NEW_NAME"

}

## clear terminal and buffer in osx
alias cls='printf "\33c\e[3J"'

eris · October 2022

if [ "${PATH#*/usr/local/hestia/bin*}" = "$PATH" ]; then
    . /etc/profile.d/hestia.sh
fi

Nothing special

GetParanoid · October 2022

Outputs Fail2Ban SSH ban count to console on login

echo""
echo "Fail2Ban SSH Bans"
fail2ban-client status sshd | grep -i "Currently banned:"
fail2ban-client status sshd | grep -i "Total banned:"
echo""

Or by command
alias f2b="fail2ban-client status sshd | grep -i 'Total banned:' && fail2ban-client status sshd | grep -i 'Currently banned:'

My current record holder

Fail2Ban SSH Bans
   |- Currently banned: 16015
   |- Total banned:     16015

sonu · October 2022

lg=ls | grep

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What are some useful aliases/functions you're using in your ~/.bashrc file?

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What are some useful aliases/functions you're using in your ~/.bashrc file?

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