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how video streaming services work?
hey all, i want to know how services like Netflix, hulu, twitch work.
this is purely for the purpose of gaining knowledge. and i cant find the right keyword which will lead me to such information.
i am not talking about some basic knowledge, i want to learn this in details. like how they calculate server requirements, how they are doing load balancing and content delivery world wide, which hardware is the priority for such services and how some services making money off less then 5$/month per user after paying server bills, content creator, employee and other.
is there any basic calculation for this industry? or any special hosting requirement?
if you have any info drop it down, will be much appreciated 
PS: suggestion to some free/cheap lecture or ebooks will also help.
Comments
There have been many articles over the years on how Netflix is doing what it's doing:
Example:
2016:
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/02/netflix-finishes-its-massive-migration-to-the-amazon-cloud/
2014:
https://www.techhive.com/article/2158040/how-netflix-streams-movies-to-your-tv.html
Netflix's CDN - Open Connect: https://openconnect.netflix.com/en/
thank you, very helpful. i was looking for some raw info or technical type info, like on a single server how they calculate number of users. lets say i have 1000 users and 10 different content across 10 different server (one on each) but one of the content is new and all 1000 users want to access it, how the small company manage resour
99% sure that this is not avaiable. be kind of dumb for them to open source essentially their backend which they have almost certainly done alot of r&d on.
most do not really bother with "live" streaming anymore, they serve DASH/HLS/etc chunks - which is basically just static file hosting with long, random-token URLs.
you could do this with nginx and any CDN by just pre-generating HLS chunks in multiple bitrates once.
Each services had different kind of scaling and distribution mechanism. Not all services are paying for their own network and co-location as some could be absorbed by ISP to ease the traffics. (Eg. Netflix)
For basic concept, most storage are spreader and cached in closest location. Some cold content could be slightly lagged (but not noticeable for most cases) for first attempt while hot contents could be almost immediate.
https://medium.com/refraction-tech-everything/how-netflix-works-the-hugely-simplified-complex-stuff-that-happens-every-time-you-hit-play-3a40c9be254b
Just search netflix topology
The end is nigh.
thank you all
thanks all, I got a clear idea