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@hyperblast
Setting the TCP window sizes requires estimating the Bandwidth-Delay product (BDP) : https://web.archive.org/web/20080803082218/http://dast.nlanr.net/Guides/GettingStarted/TCP_window_size.html
To deal with lossy connections, you need to decrease window sizes and to deal with high bandwidth or high round-trip times increase window sizes. Also take RAM into consideration, because these settings apply to each TCP connection.
For a 512MB VPS running a webserver, I just push up the minimum values to speed up window autonegotiation.
For my home router, I push up tcp_rmem over tcp_wmem instead. There's also net.core.rmem/wmem which applies to queues across all protocols.
If your kernel supports BBR, definitely enable it.
That's up to you. If your server has a single purpose, you can optimize for that. If it's a general use server, then don't worry about it.
It really comes down to need, squeezing out the last few percent of possible performance. If you're getting acceptable speeds, call it a day.
If you're stuck with certain hardware and can't handle concurrent users, then you can optimize and improve that. Especially, if you have tons of available ram.